概要： ④Our work is serving the people. ⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper. ⑥The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting. ④⑤句动名词作表语,与主语部分可以转换,如Serving the people is out work,而⑥句中是现在分词作 表语,说明主语的性质、状态,现在分词具有形容词的各种特征,另外,动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开 来。 四、作定语 ⒈不定式作定语 不定式在句中作定语,置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如: ①The next train to arrive is from Washington. ②Have you anything to be taken to your sister? ③Do you have anything to say on the question? ④Would you please g
八年级英语上学期Unit 11语法解析,标签：八年级上册英语教案,人教八年级英语教案,http://www.67jx.com④Our work is serving the people.
⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.
⑥The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting.
④⑤句动名词作表语,与主语部分可以转换,如Serving the people is out work,而⑥句中是现在分词作 表语,说明主语的性质、状态,现在分词具有形容词的各种特征,另外,动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开 来。
四、作定语
⒈不定式作定语
不定式在句中作定语,置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如:
①The next train to arrive is from Washington.
②Have you anything to be taken to your sister?
③Do you have anything to say on the question?
④Would you please give me some paper to write on?
⑤My wish to visit France has come true at last.
不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系:
(1)表示将来的动作(例①)。
(2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,如是不及物动词,则需加介词(例④)。
(3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时,尽管有被动含义,却仍 用主动语态(例③);如只有动宾关系,而无逻辑上的主谓关系,则需用被动语态(例②)。
(4)不定式作定语时,一般可转换为定语从句,例①to arrive=that will arrive。
⒉动名词作定语
①This passage can be used as listening materials.
②The reading room of our school library can hold 800people.
③All moving bodies have energy.
①②句动名词作定语说明一种性能,即:用来……的;第③句为现在分词作定语,单个分词作定语常置于 被修饰词之前,与被修饰词之间,可构成逻辑上的主谓关系,分词短语作定语常置于被修饰词之后。如:The man standing at the school gate is Professor Hua.
五、不定式作补足语
⒈作宾语补足语
一些及物动词除要求按宾语外,有时还需要有宾语补足语,说明宾语的行为、状态、特征,这时意思才相 对完整。
(1)常要求不定式作宾补的动词有:allow, ask, advise, beg, cause, drive(强迫),encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, would like(love, hate),order, permit, persuade, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。如:
①Would you like me to give your regards to Mary?
②I want you to understand the whole passage clearly.
(2)部分动词后常接to be+形容词、名词短语等形式,有时to be可省略,如:believe, consider, discover, find(=consider),feel(=think),imagine, judge, know, prove, think, suppose, see(=understand),understand等。
①We all believe John(to be)honest.
②I consider him(to be)one of the best biology teachers of No. 1 Middle School.
但当不定式是完成式时,to不能省略,如:We consider him to have been foolish.
(3)感觉动词和使役动词后用作宾补的不定式须省略to。
①I didn't hear anyone say anything about it.
②They make the students do too much homework every day.
这种句式在变为被动语态时,to不能省略,如第②句:The students are made to do too much homework
every day.
(4)help, know后面的"to"可有可无。如: Would you please help me(to) fill in the tax form?
I've never known her(to)be late before.但:He was known to have been to France before.
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