概要： ②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. ③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. ④The question was where to get the medicine needed. 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式。如:①When we shall leave…③…how I could learn… 经常在这种结构中使用的动词有:consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, hear, know, learn, observe, understand, wonder等。 ⒉动词不定式的时态、语态 (1)时态 ①一般式:动词不定式一般式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之后,有时表示同时发生。如: I hope to become a university
八年级英语上学期Unit 11语法解析,标签：八年级上册英语教案,人教八年级英语教案,http://www.67jx.com②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there.
③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well.
④The question was where to get the medicine needed.
以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式。如:①When we shall leave…③…how I
could learn…
经常在这种结构中使用的动词有:consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, hear, know, learn, observe, understand, wonder等。
⒉动词不定式的时态、语态
(1)时态
①一般式:动词不定式一般式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之后,有时表示同时发生。如:
I hope to become a university student this year.(to become发生在hope之后)
We often hear Dick play the piano in the next room.(play和hear同时发生)
②完成式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。如:
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.
We are too young to have seen the old society.
③进行式:表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生。如:
The teacher happened to be correcting our papers when I came in.
They seemed to be discussing something important.
(2)语态
如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如:
It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语)
It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语)
I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语)
Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语)
He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语)
在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:These is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)
⒊动名词的时态、语态
(1)时态
①一般式:动名词的一般式所表示的动作可以是泛指,也可与谓语动词同时发生,或发生在谓语动作之前 、之后。如:
We are interested in collecting stamps.
I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time.
We are not afraid of dying.
②完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。如:
Lmagine having travelled on the moon.
We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time.
(2)被动语态
①如果动名词的逻辑主语为动名词所表示的动作的承受者,动名词要用被动语态,动名词的被动语态有一 般式与完成式之分。如:
The young man came in without being noticed.
He prided himself on having never been beaten in class.
②有些动词后的动名词用主动形式,但表示被动意义。如:
The bike needs repairing.
If a thing is worth doing, it is worth doing well.
⒋在口语中,为避免重复,常用"to"代替不定式结构,有时甚至可以把to省略。如: ①-Did you go to visit the Great Wall?
-No, I wanted to, but there wasn't enough time.
②-Would you like to come to a party?
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